Suchergebnisse

The demographic growth of the city of Rosario and its incipient industrialization in the last decade of the nineteenth century and first of the twentieth, created new problems for the city government, which are studied here through the reports of intendents, who explain their actions in them. ; Estudio de los problemas planteados en el gobierno municipal en la última década del siglo XIX y principios del XX, motivados en su mayor parte por el aumento demográfico de la ciudad y la incipiente industrialización, a través de las memorias de los intendentes, que reflejan sus actuaciones.

No history exists of the cartography of the countries that currently comprise Latin America. Nor is there a history of urban cartography, although there are excellent books containing collections of plans of the cities of that part of the world. No one should be surprised therefore to find that historians, geographers, architects, and other specialists interested in the evolution of Latin American cities have made scant use of regional and city plans in their studies. It is possible that the growing interest shown during recent decades in the regional and urban history of Latin America and in the conservation of its historical centers, cities, and towns may occasion increased interest in the kind of information that regional and urban plans offer to the researcher. Sooner or later, specialists involved in studying the process of urbanization and re-gionalization in Latin America will recognize the importance of studying the socio-historical process of structuring space and of analyzing the different cultural groups who occupied that space. Cartography, with its increasing precision through the centuries, its emphasis on distances, on geographical elements and direction, on the representation of some of the most important works of man—for example, the placement of cities, towns, roads, ports, bridges, and irrigation canals—ought to be an essential source of information.

Half of all urban dwellers and eight out of every ten rural inhabitants in developing countries live in inadequate and badly equipped housing, crowded together and subjected to unacceptable environmental conditions. This means that in the countries of the Third World alone more than 2,300 million people live in housing that is without (or has only insufficient) services and that is marked as well by varying degrees of deterioration. The need to construct new units to absorb the natural increase in the population, to overcome gradually the qualitative deficit indicated above, and to renew existing stock makes housing and complementary services the major investment that must be made if one of the basic needs of the population is to be met. "A house is something more than a simple or complex construction, detached or grouped, forming an agglomeration that might have diverse forms and functions. Defined as a dwelling, this construction is converted into an essential aspect of man's existence as a social being and his way of life on earth."

IN THIS WORK WE PRESENT THE FIRST CONCLUSIONS OF AN ONGOING INvestigation concerning the process of urbanization in the Spanish colonies in America, at a particular moment in their history. We cover a period of approximately 50 years, between the decades of 1570-80 and that which ends in 1630.

'one of the best contemporary statements of what is occurring in the growth of urban places in the Third World' Environment and Planning 'a book that should enjoy a wide appeal: as a plea for adoption of the 'popular approach'; as a text for student use; and as an accessible and stimulating guide to the urban problems of developing countries' Progress in Human Geography 'a very readable book, containing a lot of well documented information The book is especially relevant for interested lay people but many professionals will benefit from having a copy on the bookshelf' Third World Planning Revi

Zum Ausmaß des Problems: die Zahl der Stadtbewohner in der Dritten Welt übersteigt die Gesamtbevölkerung Europas, Nordamerikas und Japans. Umweltprobleme werden eingeengt auf Gesundheitsgefahren für die Masse der Armen durch pathogene und toxische Stoffe behandelt und Hauptrisiken in den Behausungen, dem Wohnumfeld, der Stadt, in Stadtnähe und ferneren ländlichen Gebieten aufgezeigt. Stadt und Land sind über Ressourcenverbrauch, Schadstoffabgabe, die ökologischen und wirtschaftlichen Folgen verbunden; daher ist getrennte Betrachtung meist sachwidrig. Gesundheitsschäden sind weniger Folge des Ressourcenverbrauchs als des Versagens nationaler und lokaler Regierungen, Industrieemissionen zu kontrollieren und ein Minimum an Einrichtungen und Dienstleistungen bereitzustellen. Auch ausländische Hilfsorganisationen engagieren sich wenig auf kommunaler bzw. städtischer Ebene. Praktische Maßnahmen zur langfristigen Verbesserung der Local Governments werden vorgeschlagen, mit Verwendung weniger Ausländern dafür mit örtlichen Bürgerinitiativen und einheimischen NGOs. Für die weltweite Umweltpolitik gilt: der Norden wird den Süden zur Zusammenarbeit für die langfristige Bewältigung globaler Umweltprobleme nur gewinnen, wenn er mit umfassenden entwicklungs- und wirtschaftspolitischen Maßnahmen hilft, vor allem zunächst den Armen aus tagtäglichen Gesundheitsgefahren. (APAF-Glz)